git.roojs.org Git - lib.XML_Tv/blob - JSON.php

   1 <?php
   2 /* vim: set expandtab tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4: */
   3
   4 // this is very debatable... - It should really be in encode
   5
   6
   7
   8 //header('Content-type: application/json');
   9 /**
  10  * Converts to and from JSON format.
  11  *
  12  * JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight data-interchange
  13  * format. It is easy for humans to read and write. It is easy for machines
  14  * to parse and generate. It is based on a subset of the JavaScript
  15  * Programming Language, Standard ECMA-262 3rd Edition - December 1999.
  16  * This feature can also be found in  Python. JSON is a text format that is
  17  * completely language independent but uses conventions that are familiar
  18  * to programmers of the C-family of languages, including C, C++, C#, Java,
  19  * JavaScript, Perl, TCL, and many others. These properties make JSON an
  20  * ideal data-interchange language.
  21  *
  22  * This package provides a simple encoder and decoder for JSON notation. It
  23  * is intended for use with client-side Javascript applications that make
  24  * use of HTTPRequest to perform server communication functions - data can
  25  * be encoded into JSON notation for use in a client-side javascript, or
  26  * decoded from incoming Javascript requests. JSON format is native to
  27  * Javascript, and can be directly eval()'ed with no further parsing
  28  * overhead
  29  *
  30  * All strings should be in ASCII or UTF-8 format!
  31  *
  32  * LICENSE: Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
  33  * without modification, are permitted provided that the following
  34  * conditions are met: Redistributions of source code must retain the
  35  * above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
  36  * disclaimer. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
  37  * copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
  38  * in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
  39  * distribution.
  40  *
  41  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
  42  * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
  43  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN
  44  * NO EVENT SHALL CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
  45  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
  46  * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
  47  * OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
  48  * ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR
  49  * TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE
  50  * USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
  51  * DAMAGE.
  52  *
  53  * @category
  54  * @package     Services_JSON
  55  * @author      Michal Migurski <mike-json@teczno.com>
  56  * @author      Matt Knapp <mdknapp[at]gmail[dot]com>
  57  * @author      Brett Stimmerman <brettstimmerman[at]gmail[dot]com>
  58  * @copyright   2005 Michal Migurski
  59  * @version     CVS: $Id: JSON.php,v 1.31 2006/06/28 05:54:17 migurski Exp $
  60  * @license     http://www.opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php
  61  * @link        http://pear.php.net/pepr/pepr-proposal-show.php?id=198
  62  */
  63
  64 /**
  65  * Marker constant for Services_JSON::decode(), used to flag stack state
  66  */
  67 define('SERVICES_JSON_SLICE',   1);
  68
  69 /**
  70  * Marker constant for Services_JSON::decode(), used to flag stack state
  71  */
  72 define('SERVICES_JSON_IN_STR',  2);
  73
  74 /**
  75  * Marker constant for Services_JSON::decode(), used to flag stack state
  76  */
  77 define('SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR',  3);
  78
  79 /**
  80  * Marker constant for Services_JSON::decode(), used to flag stack state
  81  */
  82 define('SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ',  4);
  83
  84 /**
  85  * Marker constant for Services_JSON::decode(), used to flag stack state
  86  */
  87 define('SERVICES_JSON_IN_CMT', 5);
  88
  89 /**
  90  * Behavior switch for Services_JSON::decode()
  91  */
  92 define('SERVICES_JSON_LOOSE_TYPE', 16);
  93
  94 /**
  95  * Behavior switch for Services_JSON::decode()
  96  */
  97 define('SERVICES_JSON_SUPPRESS_ERRORS', 32);
  98
  99 /**
 100  * Converts to and from JSON format.
 101  *
 102  * Brief example of use:
 103  *
 104  * <code>
 105  * // create a new instance of Services_JSON
 106  * $json = new Services_JSON();
 107  *
 108  * // convert a complexe value to JSON notation, and send it to the browser
 109  * $value = array('foo', 'bar', array(1, 2, 'baz'), array(3, array(4)));
 110  * $output = $json->encode($value);
 111  *
 112  * print($output);
 113  * // prints: ["foo","bar",[1,2,"baz"],[3,[4]]]
 114  *
 115  * // accept incoming POST data, assumed to be in JSON notation
 116  * $input = file_get_contents('php://input', 1000000);
 117  * $value = $json->decode($input);
 118  * </code>
 119  */
 120 class Services_JSON
 121 {
 122    /**
 123     * constructs a new JSON instance
 124     *
 125     * @param    int     $use    object behavior flags; combine with boolean-OR
 126     *
 127     *                           possible values:
 128     *                           - SERVICES_JSON_LOOSE_TYPE:  loose typing.
 129     *                                   "{...}" syntax creates associative arrays
 130     *                                   instead of objects in decode().
 131     *                           - SERVICES_JSON_SUPPRESS_ERRORS:  error suppression.
 132     *                                   Values which can't be encoded (e.g. resources)
 133     *                                   appear as NULL instead of throwing errors.
 134     *                                   By default, a deeply-nested resource will
 135     *                                   bubble up with an error, so all return values
 136     *                                   from encode() should be checked with isError()
 137     */
 138     function Services_JSON($use = 0)
 139     {
 140         $this->use = $use;
 141     }
 142
 143    /**
 144     * convert a string from one UTF-16 char to one UTF-8 char
 145     *
 146     * Normally should be handled by mb_convert_encoding, but
 147     * provides a slower PHP-only method for installations
 148     * that lack the multibye string extension.
 149     *
 150     * @param    string  $utf16  UTF-16 character
 151     * @return   string  UTF-8 character
 152     * @access   private
 153     */
 154     function utf162utf8($utf16)
 155     {
 156         // oh please oh please oh please oh please oh please
 157         if(function_exists('mb_convert_encoding')) {
 158             return mb_convert_encoding($utf16, 'UTF-8', 'UTF-16');
 159         }
 160
 161         $bytes = (ord($utf16{0}) << 8) | ord($utf16{1});
 162
 163         switch(true) {
 164             case ((0x7F & $bytes) == $bytes):
 165                 // this case should never be reached, because we are in ASCII range
 166                 // see: http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 167                 return chr(0x7F & $bytes);
 168
 169             case (0x07FF & $bytes) == $bytes:
 170                 // return a 2-byte UTF-8 character
 171                 // see: http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 172                 return chr(0xC0 | (($bytes >> 6) & 0x1F))
 173                      . chr(0x80 | ($bytes & 0x3F));
 174
 175             case (0xFFFF & $bytes) == $bytes:
 176                 // return a 3-byte UTF-8 character
 177                 // see: http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 178                 return chr(0xE0 | (($bytes >> 12) & 0x0F))
 179                      . chr(0x80 | (($bytes >> 6) & 0x3F))
 180                      . chr(0x80 | ($bytes & 0x3F));
 181         }
 182
 183         // ignoring UTF-32 for now, sorry
 184         return '';
 185     }
 186
 187    /**
 188     * convert a string from one UTF-8 char to one UTF-16 char
 189     *
 190     * Normally should be handled by mb_convert_encoding, but
 191     * provides a slower PHP-only method for installations
 192     * that lack the multibye string extension.
 193     *
 194     * @param    string  $utf8   UTF-8 character
 195     * @return   string  UTF-16 character
 196     * @access   private
 197     */
 198     function utf82utf16($utf8)
 199     {
 200         // oh please oh please oh please oh please oh please
 201         if(function_exists('mb_convert_encoding')) {
 202             return mb_convert_encoding($utf8, 'UTF-16', 'UTF-8');
 203         }
 204
 205         switch(strlen($utf8)) {
 206             case 1:
 207                 // this case should never be reached, because we are in ASCII range
 208                 // see: http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 209                 return $utf8;
 210
 211             case 2:
 212                 // return a UTF-16 character from a 2-byte UTF-8 char
 213                 // see: http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 214                 return chr(0x07 & (ord($utf8{0}) >> 2))
 215                      . chr((0xC0 & (ord($utf8{0}) << 6))
 216                          | (0x3F & ord($utf8{1})));
 217
 218             case 3:
 219                 // return a UTF-16 character from a 3-byte UTF-8 char
 220                 // see: http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 221                 return chr((0xF0 & (ord($utf8{0}) << 4))
 222                          | (0x0F & (ord($utf8{1}) >> 2)))
 223                      . chr((0xC0 & (ord($utf8{1}) << 6))
 224                          | (0x7F & ord($utf8{2})));
 225         }
 226
 227         // ignoring UTF-32 for now, sorry
 228         return '';
 229     }
 230
 231    /**
 232     * encodes an arbitrary variable into JSON format (and sends JSON Header)
 233     *
 234     * @param    mixed   $var    any number, boolean, string, array, or object to be encoded.
 235     *                           see argument 1 to Services_JSON() above for array-parsing behavior.
 236     *                           if var is a strng, note that encode() always expects it
 237     *                           to be in ASCII or UTF-8 format!
 238     *
 239     * @return   mixed   JSON string representation of input var or an error if a problem occurs
 240     * @access   public
 241     */
 242     function encode($var)
 243     {
 244         header('Content-type: application/x-javascript');
 245         return $this->_encode($var);
 246     }
 247     /**
 248     * encodes an arbitrary variable into JSON format without JSON Header - warning - may allow CSS!!!!)
 249     *
 250     * @param    mixed   $var    any number, boolean, string, array, or object to be encoded.
 251     *                           see argument 1 to Services_JSON() above for array-parsing behavior.
 252     *                           if var is a strng, note that encode() always expects it
 253     *                           to be in ASCII or UTF-8 format!
 254     *
 255     * @return   mixed   JSON string representation of input var or an error if a problem occurs
 256     * @access   public
 257     */
 258     function encodeUnsafe($var)
 259     {
 260         return $this->_encode($var);
 261     }
 262     /**
 263     * PRIVATE CODE that does the work of encodes an arbitrary variable into JSON format
 264     *
 265     * @param    mixed   $var    any number, boolean, string, array, or object to be encoded.
 266     *                           see argument 1 to Services_JSON() above for array-parsing behavior.
 267     *                           if var is a strng, note that encode() always expects it
 268     *                           to be in ASCII or UTF-8 format!
 269     *
 270     * @return   mixed   JSON string representation of input var or an error if a problem occurs
 271     * @access   public
 272     */
 273     function _encode($var)
 274     {
 275
 276         switch (gettype($var)) {
 277             case 'boolean':
 278                 return $var ? 'true' : 'false';
 279
 280             case 'NULL':
 281                 return 'null';
 282
 283             case 'integer':
 284                 return (int) $var;
 285
 286             case 'double':
 287             case 'float':
 288                 return (float) $var;
 289
 290             case 'string':
 291                 // STRINGS ARE EXPECTED TO BE IN ASCII OR UTF-8 FORMAT
 292                 $ascii = '';
 293                 $strlen_var = strlen($var);
 294
 295                /*
 296                 * Iterate over every character in the string,
 297                 * escaping with a slash or encoding to UTF-8 where necessary
 298                 */
 299                 for ($c = 0; $c < $strlen_var; ++$c) {
 300
 301                     $ord_var_c = ord($var{$c});
 302
 303                     switch (true) {
 304                         case $ord_var_c == 0x08:
 305                             $ascii .= '\b';
 306                             break;
 307                         case $ord_var_c == 0x09:
 308                             $ascii .= '\t';
 309                             break;
 310                         case $ord_var_c == 0x0A:
 311                             $ascii .= '\n';
 312                             break;
 313                         case $ord_var_c == 0x0C:
 314                             $ascii .= '\f';
 315                             break;
 316                         case $ord_var_c == 0x0D:
 317                             $ascii .= '\r';
 318                             break;
 319
 320                         case $ord_var_c == 0x22:
 321                         case $ord_var_c == 0x2F:
 322                         case $ord_var_c == 0x5C:
 323                             // double quote, slash, slosh
 324                             $ascii .= '\\'.$var{$c};
 325                             break;
 326
 327                         case (($ord_var_c >= 0x20) && ($ord_var_c <= 0x7F)):
 328                             // characters U-00000000 - U-0000007F (same as ASCII)
 329                             $ascii .= $var{$c};
 330                             break;
 331
 332                         case (($ord_var_c & 0xE0) == 0xC0):
 333                             // characters U-00000080 - U-000007FF, mask 110XXXXX
 334                             // see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 335                             if ($c+1 >= $strlen_var) {
 336                                 $c += 1;
 337                                 $ascii .= '?';
 338                                 break;
 339                             }
 340
 341                             $char = pack('C*', $ord_var_c, ord($var{$c + 1}));
 342                             $c += 1;
 343                             $utf16 = $this->utf82utf16($char);
 344                             $ascii .= sprintf('\u%04s', bin2hex($utf16));
 345                             break;
 346
 347                         case (($ord_var_c & 0xF0) == 0xE0):
 348                             if ($c+2 >= $strlen_var) {
 349                                 $c += 2;
 350                                 $ascii .= '?';
 351                                 break;
 352                             }
 353                             // characters U-00000800 - U-0000FFFF, mask 1110XXXX
 354                             // see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 355                             $char = pack('C*', $ord_var_c,
 356                                          @ord($var{$c + 1}),
 357                                          @ord($var{$c + 2}));
 358                             $c += 2;
 359                             $utf16 = $this->utf82utf16($char);
 360                             $ascii .= sprintf('\u%04s', bin2hex($utf16));
 361                             break;
 362
 363                         case (($ord_var_c & 0xF8) == 0xF0):
 364                             if ($c+3 >= $strlen_var) {
 365                                 $c += 3;
 366                                 $ascii .= '?';
 367                                 break;
 368                             }
 369                             // characters U-00010000 - U-001FFFFF, mask 11110XXX
 370                             // see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 371                             $char = pack('C*', $ord_var_c,
 372                                          ord($var{$c + 1}),
 373                                          ord($var{$c + 2}),
 374                                          ord($var{$c + 3}));
 375                             $c += 3;
 376                             $utf16 = $this->utf82utf16($char);
 377                             $ascii .= sprintf('\u%04s', bin2hex($utf16));
 378                             break;
 379
 380                         case (($ord_var_c & 0xFC) == 0xF8):
 381                             // characters U-00200000 - U-03FFFFFF, mask 111110XX
 382                             // see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 383                             if ($c+4 >= $strlen_var) {
 384                                 $c += 4;
 385                                 $ascii .= '?';
 386                                 break;
 387                             }
 388                             $char = pack('C*', $ord_var_c,
 389                                          ord($var{$c + 1}),
 390                                          ord($var{$c + 2}),
 391                                          ord($var{$c + 3}),
 392                                          ord($var{$c + 4}));
 393                             $c += 4;
 394                             $utf16 = $this->utf82utf16($char);
 395                             $ascii .= sprintf('\u%04s', bin2hex($utf16));
 396                             break;
 397
 398                         case (($ord_var_c & 0xFE) == 0xFC):
 399                         if ($c+5 >= $strlen_var) {
 400                                 $c += 5;
 401                                 $ascii .= '?';
 402                                 break;
 403                             }
 404                             // characters U-04000000 - U-7FFFFFFF, mask 1111110X
 405                             // see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 406                             $char = pack('C*', $ord_var_c,
 407                                          ord($var{$c + 1}),
 408                                          ord($var{$c + 2}),
 409                                          ord($var{$c + 3}),
 410                                          ord($var{$c + 4}),
 411                                          ord($var{$c + 5}));
 412                             $c += 5;
 413                             $utf16 = $this->utf82utf16($char);
 414                             $ascii .= sprintf('\u%04s', bin2hex($utf16));
 415                             break;
 416                     }
 417                 }
 418                 return (strpos($ascii, "'") > -1)  ? '"'.$ascii.'"' : "'".$ascii."'";
 419
 420             case 'array':
 421                /*
 422                 * As per JSON spec if any array key is not an integer
 423                 * we must treat the the whole array as an object. We
 424                 * also try to catch a sparsely populated associative
 425                 * array with numeric keys here because some JS engines
 426                 * will create an array with empty indexes up to
 427                 * max_index which can cause memory issues and because
 428                 * the keys, which may be relevant, will be remapped
 429                 * otherwise.
 430                 *
 431                 * As per the ECMA and JSON specification an object may
 432                 * have any string as a property. Unfortunately due to
 433                 * a hole in the ECMA specification if the key is a
 434                 * ECMA reserved word or starts with a digit the
 435                 * parameter is only accessible using ECMAScript's
 436                 * bracket notation.
 437                 */
 438
 439                 // treat as a JSON object
 440                 if (is_array($var) && count($var) && (array_keys($var) !== range(0, sizeof($var) - 1))) {
 441                     $properties = array_map(array($this, 'name_value'),
 442                                             array_keys($var),
 443                                             array_values($var));
 444
 445                     foreach($properties as $property) {
 446                         if(Services_JSON::isError($property)) {
 447                             return $property;
 448                         }
 449                     }
 450
 451                     return '{' . join(',', $properties) . '}';
 452                 }
 453
 454                 // treat it like a regular array
 455                 $elements = array_map(array($this, '_encode'), $var);
 456
 457                 foreach($elements as $element) {
 458                     if(Services_JSON::isError($element)) {
 459                         return $element;
 460                     }
 461                 }
 462
 463                 return '[' . join(',', $elements) . ']';
 464
 465             case 'object':
 466                 $vars = get_object_vars($var);
 467
 468                 $properties = array_map(array($this, 'name_value'),
 469                                         array_keys($vars),
 470                                         array_values($vars));
 471
 472                 foreach($properties as $property) {
 473                     if(Services_JSON::isError($property)) {
 474                         return $property;
 475                     }
 476                 }
 477
 478                 return '{' . join(',', $properties) . '}';
 479
 480             default:
 481                 return ($this->use & SERVICES_JSON_SUPPRESS_ERRORS)
 482                     ? 'null'
 483                     : new Services_JSON_Error(gettype($var)." can not be encoded as JSON string");
 484         }
 485     }
 486
 487    /**
 488     * array-walking function for use in generating JSON-formatted name-value pairs
 489     *
 490     * @param    string  $name   name of key to use
 491     * @param    mixed   $value  reference to an array element to be encoded
 492     *
 493     * @return   string  JSON-formatted name-value pair, like '"name":value'
 494     * @access   private
 495     */
 496     function name_value($name, $value)
 497     {
 498         $encoded_value = $this->_encode($value);
 499
 500         if(Services_JSON::isError($encoded_value)) {
 501             return $encoded_value;
 502         }
 503
 504         return $this->_encode(strval($name)) . ':' . $encoded_value;
 505     }
 506
 507    /**
 508     * reduce a string by removing leading and trailing comments and whitespace
 509     *
 510     * @param    $str    string      string value to strip of comments and whitespace
 511     *
 512     * @return   string  string value stripped of comments and whitespace
 513     * @access   private
 514     */
 515     function reduce_string($str)
 516     {
 517         $str = preg_replace(array(
 518
 519                 // eliminate single line comments in '// ...' form
 520                 '#^\s*//(.+)$#m',
 521
 522                 // eliminate multi-line comments in '/* ... */' form, at start of string
 523                 '#^\s*/\*(.+)\*/#Us',
 524
 525                 // eliminate multi-line comments in '/* ... */' form, at end of string
 526                 '#/\*(.+)\*/\s*$#Us'
 527
 528             ), '', $str);
 529
 530         // eliminate extraneous space
 531         return trim($str);
 532     }
 533
 534    /**
 535     * decodes a JSON string into appropriate variable
 536     *
 537     * @param    string  $str    JSON-formatted string
 538     *
 539     * @return   mixed   number, boolean, string, array, or object
 540     *                   corresponding to given JSON input string.
 541     *                   See argument 1 to Services_JSON() above for object-output behavior.
 542     *                   Note that decode() always returns strings
 543     *                   in ASCII or UTF-8 format!
 544     * @access   public
 545     */
 546     function decode($str)
 547     {
 548         $str = $this->reduce_string($str);
 549
 550         switch (strtolower($str)) {
 551             case 'true':
 552                 return true;
 553
 554             case 'false':
 555                 return false;
 556
 557             case 'null':
 558                 return null;
 559
 560             default:
 561                 $m = array();
 562
 563                 if (is_numeric($str)) {
 564                     // Lookie-loo, it's a number
 565
 566                     // This would work on its own, but I'm trying to be
 567                     // good about returning integers where appropriate:
 568                     // return (float)$str;
 569
 570                     // Return float or int, as appropriate
 571                     return ((float)$str == (integer)$str)
 572                         ? (integer)$str
 573                         : (float)$str;
 574
 575                 } elseif (preg_match('/^("|\').*(\1)$/s', $str, $m) && $m[1] == $m[2]) {
 576                     // STRINGS RETURNED IN UTF-8 FORMAT
 577                     $delim = substr($str, 0, 1);
 578                     $chrs = substr($str, 1, -1);
 579                     $utf8 = '';
 580                     $strlen_chrs = strlen($chrs);
 581
 582                     for ($c = 0; $c < $strlen_chrs; ++$c) {
 583
 584                         $substr_chrs_c_2 = substr($chrs, $c, 2);
 585                         $ord_chrs_c = ord($chrs{$c});
 586
 587                         switch (true) {
 588                             case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\b':
 589                                 $utf8 .= chr(0x08);
 590                                 ++$c;
 591                                 break;
 592                             case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\t':
 593                                 $utf8 .= chr(0x09);
 594                                 ++$c;
 595                                 break;
 596                             case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\n':
 597                                 $utf8 .= chr(0x0A);
 598                                 ++$c;
 599                                 break;
 600                             case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\f':
 601                                 $utf8 .= chr(0x0C);
 602                                 ++$c;
 603                                 break;
 604                             case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\r':
 605                                 $utf8 .= chr(0x0D);
 606                                 ++$c;
 607                                 break;
 608
 609                             case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\\"':
 610                             case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\\\'':
 611                             case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\\\\':
 612                             case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\\/':
 613                                 if (($delim == '"' && $substr_chrs_c_2 != '\\\'') ||
 614                                    ($delim == "'" && $substr_chrs_c_2 != '\\"')) {
 615                                     $utf8 .= $chrs{++$c};
 616                                 }
 617                                 break;
 618
 619                             case preg_match('/\\\u[0-9A-F]{4}/i', substr($chrs, $c, 6)):
 620                                 // single, escaped unicode character
 621                                 $utf16 = chr(hexdec(substr($chrs, ($c + 2), 2)))
 622                                        . chr(hexdec(substr($chrs, ($c + 4), 2)));
 623                                 $utf8 .= $this->utf162utf8($utf16);
 624                                 $c += 5;
 625                                 break;
 626
 627                             case ($ord_chrs_c >= 0x20) && ($ord_chrs_c <= 0x7F):
 628                                 $utf8 .= $chrs{$c};
 629                                 break;
 630
 631                             case ($ord_chrs_c & 0xE0) == 0xC0:
 632                                 // characters U-00000080 - U-000007FF, mask 110XXXXX
 633                                 //see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 634                                 $utf8 .= substr($chrs, $c, 2);
 635                                 ++$c;
 636                                 break;
 637
 638                             case ($ord_chrs_c & 0xF0) == 0xE0:
 639                                 // characters U-00000800 - U-0000FFFF, mask 1110XXXX
 640                                 // see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 641                                 $utf8 .= substr($chrs, $c, 3);
 642                                 $c += 2;
 643                                 break;
 644
 645                             case ($ord_chrs_c & 0xF8) == 0xF0:
 646                                 // characters U-00010000 - U-001FFFFF, mask 11110XXX
 647                                 // see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 648                                 $utf8 .= substr($chrs, $c, 4);
 649                                 $c += 3;
 650                                 break;
 651
 652                             case ($ord_chrs_c & 0xFC) == 0xF8:
 653                                 // characters U-00200000 - U-03FFFFFF, mask 111110XX
 654                                 // see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 655                                 $utf8 .= substr($chrs, $c, 5);
 656                                 $c += 4;
 657                                 break;
 658
 659                             case ($ord_chrs_c & 0xFE) == 0xFC:
 660                                 // characters U-04000000 - U-7FFFFFFF, mask 1111110X
 661                                 // see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 662                                 $utf8 .= substr($chrs, $c, 6);
 663                                 $c += 5;
 664                                 break;
 665
 666                         }
 667
 668                     }
 669
 670                     return $utf8;
 671
 672                 } elseif (preg_match('/^\[.*\]$/s', $str) || preg_match('/^\{.*\}$/s', $str)) {
 673                     // array, or object notation
 674
 675                     if ($str{0} == '[') {
 676                         $stk = array(SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR);
 677                         $arr = array();
 678                     } else {
 679                         if ($this->use & SERVICES_JSON_LOOSE_TYPE) {
 680                             $stk = array(SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ);
 681                             $obj = array();
 682                         } else {
 683                             $stk = array(SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ);
 684                             $obj = new stdClass();
 685                         }
 686                     }
 687
 688                     array_push($stk, array('what'  => SERVICES_JSON_SLICE,
 689                                            'where' => 0,
 690                                            'delim' => false));
 691
 692                     $chrs = substr($str, 1, -1);
 693                     $chrs = $this->reduce_string($chrs);
 694
 695                     if ($chrs == '') {
 696                         if (reset($stk) == SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR) {
 697                             return $arr;
 698
 699                         } else {
 700                             return $obj;
 701
 702                         }
 703                     }
 704
 705                     //print("\nparsing {$chrs}\n");
 706
 707                     $strlen_chrs = strlen($chrs);
 708
 709                     for ($c = 0; $c <= $strlen_chrs; ++$c) {
 710
 711                         $top = end($stk);
 712                         $substr_chrs_c_2 = substr($chrs, $c, 2);
 713
 714                         if (($c == $strlen_chrs) || (($chrs{$c} == ',') && ($top['what'] == SERVICES_JSON_SLICE))) {
 715                             // found a comma that is not inside a string, array, etc.,
 716                             // OR we've reached the end of the character list
 717                             $slice = substr($chrs, $top['where'], ($c - $top['where']));
 718                             array_push($stk, array('what' => SERVICES_JSON_SLICE, 'where' => ($c + 1), 'delim' => false));
 719                             //print("Found split at {$c}: ".substr($chrs, $top['where'], (1 + $c - $top['where']))."\n");
 720
 721                             if (reset($stk) == SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR) {
 722                                 // we are in an array, so just push an element onto the stack
 723                                 array_push($arr, $this->decode($slice));
 724
 725                             } elseif (reset($stk) == SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ) {
 726                                 // we are in an object, so figure
 727                                 // out the property name and set an
 728                                 // element in an associative array,
 729                                 // for now
 730                                 $parts = array();
 731
 732                                 if (preg_match('/^\s*(["\'].*[^\\\]["\'])\s*:\s*(\S.*),?$/Uis', $slice, $parts)) {
 733                                     // "name":value pair
 734                                     $key = $this->decode($parts[1]);
 735                                     $val = $this->decode($parts[2]);
 736
 737                                     if ($this->use & SERVICES_JSON_LOOSE_TYPE) {
 738                                         $obj[$key] = $val;
 739                                     } else {
 740                                         $obj->$key = $val;
 741                                     }
 742                                 } elseif (preg_match('/^\s*(\w+)\s*:\s*(\S.*),?$/Uis', $slice, $parts)) {
 743                                     // name:value pair, where name is unquoted
 744                                     $key = $parts[1];
 745                                     $val = $this->decode($parts[2]);
 746
 747                                     if ($this->use & SERVICES_JSON_LOOSE_TYPE) {
 748                                         $obj[$key] = $val;
 749                                     } else {
 750                                         $obj->$key = $val;
 751                                     }
 752                                 }
 753
 754                             }
 755
 756                         } elseif ((($chrs{$c} == '"') || ($chrs{$c} == "'")) && ($top['what'] != SERVICES_JSON_IN_STR)) {
 757                             // found a quote, and we are not inside a string
 758                             array_push($stk, array('what' => SERVICES_JSON_IN_STR, 'where' => $c, 'delim' => $chrs{$c}));
 759                             //print("Found start of string at {$c}\n");
 760
 761                         } elseif (($chrs{$c} == $top['delim']) &&
 762                                  ($top['what'] == SERVICES_JSON_IN_STR) &&
 763                                  ((strlen(substr($chrs, 0, $c)) - strlen(rtrim(substr($chrs, 0, $c), '\\'))) % 2 != 1)) {
 764                             // found a quote, we're in a string, and it's not escaped
 765                             // we know that it's not escaped becase there is _not_ an
 766                             // odd number of backslashes at the end of the string so far
 767                             array_pop($stk);
 768                             //print("Found end of string at {$c}: ".substr($chrs, $top['where'], (1 + 1 + $c - $top['where']))."\n");
 769
 770                         } elseif (($chrs{$c} == '[') &&
 771                                  in_array($top['what'], array(SERVICES_JSON_SLICE, SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR, SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ))) {
 772                             // found a left-bracket, and we are in an array, object, or slice
 773                             array_push($stk, array('what' => SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR, 'where' => $c, 'delim' => false));
 774                             //print("Found start of array at {$c}\n");
 775
 776                         } elseif (($chrs{$c} == ']') && ($top['what'] == SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR)) {
 777                             // found a right-bracket, and we're in an array
 778                             array_pop($stk);
 779                             //print("Found end of array at {$c}: ".substr($chrs, $top['where'], (1 + $c - $top['where']))."\n");
 780
 781                         } elseif (($chrs{$c} == '{') &&
 782                                  in_array($top['what'], array(SERVICES_JSON_SLICE, SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR, SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ))) {
 783                             // found a left-brace, and we are in an array, object, or slice
 784                             array_push($stk, array('what' => SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ, 'where' => $c, 'delim' => false));
 785                             //print("Found start of object at {$c}\n");
 786
 787                         } elseif (($chrs{$c} == '}') && ($top['what'] == SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ)) {
 788                             // found a right-brace, and we're in an object
 789                             array_pop($stk);
 790                             //print("Found end of object at {$c}: ".substr($chrs, $top['where'], (1 + $c - $top['where']))."\n");
 791
 792                         } elseif (($substr_chrs_c_2 == '/*') &&
 793                                  in_array($top['what'], array(SERVICES_JSON_SLICE, SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR, SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ))) {
 794                             // found a comment start, and we are in an array, object, or slice
 795                             array_push($stk, array('what' => SERVICES_JSON_IN_CMT, 'where' => $c, 'delim' => false));
 796                             $c++;
 797                             //print("Found start of comment at {$c}\n");
 798
 799                         } elseif (($substr_chrs_c_2 == '*/') && ($top['what'] == SERVICES_JSON_IN_CMT)) {
 800                             // found a comment end, and we're in one now
 801                             array_pop($stk);
 802                             $c++;
 803
 804                             for ($i = $top['where']; $i <= $c; ++$i)
 805                                 $chrs = substr_replace($chrs, ' ', $i, 1);
 806
 807                             //print("Found end of comment at {$c}: ".substr($chrs, $top['where'], (1 + $c - $top['where']))."\n");
 808
 809                         }
 810
 811                     }
 812
 813                     if (reset($stk) == SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR) {
 814                         return $arr;
 815
 816                     } elseif (reset($stk) == SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ) {
 817                         return $obj;
 818
 819                     }
 820
 821                 }
 822         }
 823     }
 824
 825     /**
 826      * @todo Ultimately, this should just call PEAR::isError()
 827      */
 828     function isError($data, $code = null)
 829     {
 830         if (class_exists('pear')) {
 831             return PEAR::isError($data, $code);
 832         } elseif (is_object($data) && (get_class($data) == 'services_json_error' ||
 833                                  is_subclass_of($data, 'services_json_error'))) {
 834             return true;
 835         }
 836
 837         return false;
 838     }
 839 }
 840
 841 if (class_exists('PEAR_Error')) {
 842
 843     class Services_JSON_Error extends PEAR_Error
 844     {
 845         function Services_JSON_Error($message = 'unknown error', $code = null,
 846                                      $mode = null, $options = null, $userinfo = null)
 847         {
 848             parent::PEAR_Error($message, $code, $mode, $options, $userinfo);
 849         }
 850     }
 851
 852 } else {
 853
 854     /**
 855      * @todo Ultimately, this class shall be descended from PEAR_Error
 856      */
 857     class Services_JSON_Error
 858     {
 859         function Services_JSON_Error($message = 'unknown error', $code = null,
 860                                      $mode = null, $options = null, $userinfo = null)
 861         {
 862
 863         }
 864     }
 865
 866 }
 867